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ECC
abbreviation for Electronic
Climate Control
EEC
An abbreviation for: 1. Evaporative emission control. 2.
Electronic engine control.
EGR
system The EGR system (Exhaust Gas Recirculation system)
is designed to reduce emissions. To be precise, it lowers the amount
of nitrogen oxide (NO) in the exhaust emissions. Nitrogen oxide is
formed at very high combustion temperatures. What the EGR system
actually does is direct part of the exhaust gases back into the
intake manifold, which in turn helps reduce the combustion
temperature and consequently lower the amount of NO in the exhaust
gases. The EGR flow is controlled by the engine computer which opens
or closes the EGR valve depending on the operating conditions. One of
the most common problems related to EGR is the intake passage or the
EGR valve getting clogged with carbon deposits causing restrictions
to the EGR gas flow. This turns the "check
engine" light
on and sets the code PO401 - insufficient EGR flow (this is a
common problem for the Acura / Honda V6 engine, for example).
This problem happens mostly if a car makes only short trips so it
can't warm up fully, or when the oil is not changed regularly.
EGR
Valve The Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) valve sends some of the
exhaust
gas back into the cylinders to reduce combustion temperature.
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This
is required because nitrous oxides (nasty pollutants) form when the
combustion temperature gets above 2,500 degrees F. This is as a
result of the formation of nitrous oxides when the nitrogen in the
air mixes with the oxygen. |
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When
it's sunny, the nitrous oxides from the exhaust get together with
the hydrocarbons in the air to form smog. This is when the EGR valve
comes in handy. By recirculating some of the exhaust gas back through
the intake manifold to the cylinders, we can lower the combustion
temperature. Lowering the combustion temperature lowers the amount of
nitrous oxide produced. Consequently, less of it comes out the tail
pipe. There are two types of EGR valves. One operates through the use
of a vacuum, and the other operated through the use of pressure. Both
types allow the exhaust gas in to lower the combustion temperature
when it gets too high.
ELC
abbreviation for Electronic
Level Control
Electric-Drive
Cooling Fan
1.
An engine-cooling fan driven by an electric motor.
2.
An electrically controlled fan that cycles ON and OFF with the air
conditioner control, if predetermined system and/or ambient
temperatures are exceeded.
Electric
Fuel Pump Used previously for heavier vehicles, they have
only recently become operational in cars. The replacement types
usually use a diaphragm arrangement like the mechanical pumps, except
that it is actuated by an electrical solenoid. It uses a small
turbine wheel driven by a constant speed electric motor. The entire
unit is located in the fuel tank and submerged in the fuel itself.
When the engine is running the pump pump operates continuously, thus
exerting a constant pressure which supplies the maximum fuel demands
of the engine. When less fuel is required, the pump does not deliver
at full potential, because the turbine is not a positive displacement
type like the mechanical pump. Consequently, the turbine will run
without pumping fuel and so, needs no means of varying fuel delivery
rate like its mechanical counterpart. Since the fuel can flow past
the spinning turbine blades, there is no need for pump inlet and
outlet valves nor is there any need to vary its speed. A relay for
the electric fuel pump is used to complete the circuit to the fuel
pump. This cuts off current to the fuel pump in the event of an accident.
Electric
Motor A device which changes electrical energy into rotational
motion. In addition to the starter and windshield wiper motors, which
were the first electric motors to be added to the automotive
electrical system, modern cars include a large number of small motors
for driving such items as the electric windows, aerials, sunroofs,
mirrors and seat adjustment, central locking and power hoods;
electric-powered cars use large motors for their drive.
Electronic
Climate Control (ECC) A system used to regulate the temperature
and humidity of a vehicle's cabin.
Electronic
Control Module
(ECM)
[1]
The master computer responsible for interpreting electrical signals
sent by engine sensors and for activating automated engine components
and processes accordingly in order to produce optimum performance.
[2]
A GM term and also a generic term referring to the computer. The ECM
is the brain of the engine control system receiving information from
various sensors in the engine compartment. The ECM calculates what is
required for proper engine operation and controls the different
actuators to achieve it Also called "electronic control unit"
Electronic
Level Control (ELC) A device that automatically regulates the
ride height of a vehicle under various load conditions.
Electronic
Fuel Injection Injectors are opened by solenoids operated
by an electronic control unit, as opposed to mechanical injection
systms. Since the fuel has no resistance to overcome, other than
insignificant friction losses, the pump pressure can be set at very
low values, consistent with the limits of obtaining full atomization
with the type of injectors used. The control unit, depending on the
operating conditions of the engine, determines the amount of fuel to
be injected. The conditions depend on manifold pressure, accelerator
enrichment, cold-start requirements, idling conditions, outside
temperature and barometric pressure. The systems work with constant
pressure and with 'variable timed' or 'continuous flow' injection.
The advantages. To begin with, it has fewer moving parts, no need for
ultra-precise machining standards and quieter operation. Also, there
is less power loss, a low electrical requirement, no need for special
pump drives, no critical fuel filtration requirements, no surges or
pulsations in the fuel line. More than anything else, it costs lesser
than its mechanical counterpart.
Electrical
System In electric ignition internal-combustion engines,
those components required to convert the electricity produced by the
generator into a high-voltage spark for the plugs. Includes:
generator or alternator, points, condenser, coil, distributor and
spark plugs plus wiring.
Emissions
The exhaust that comes out of a vehicle's tailpipe or tailpipes.
Harmful emissions are reduced on most newer vehicles (except diesels)
through the use of a catalytic converter. Cats are designed to reduce
the amount of hydrocarbons (HC), carbon monoxide (CO) and oxides of
nitrogen (NOx) that exit a vehicle and are therefore vented into the
atmosphere. Other kinds of pollution-reduction devices have been used
on cars and trucks over the years, including a positive crankcase
vent valve, a charcoal canister and an air injection reactor pump.
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Engine
A
device for changing fuel energy to mechanical energy. The term
applies to the primary source of power generation.
The
gasoline engine transforms the heat produced from burning gas into a
rotating force. |
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Shown below are parts
within the engine.
Do
you see how many rotating and moving parts it has?
All
of them need lubrication to last longer. That's why it's very
important to change the engine oil as often as the owner's manual recommends.
Also
known as Motor
Learn
ALL about The Internal Combustion Engine Here!
Engine Types
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F-Head
Side exhaust valve and overhead inlet valve.
- L-Head
Both valves on one side of the cylinder.
- T-Head
Exhaust valve on one side and inlet valve on the other side of the
cylinder. (Twin-camshafts).
- I-Head
Both valves located directly over the piston. Also called
valve--in-head or overhead valve engine.
- SOHC
Single overhead camshaft.
- DOHC
Double overhead camshafts.
- HEMI
and HEMI-HEAD
Engine
Block See The cylinder
block.
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Exhaust
The
system of exhausting the burned gases from an internal-combustion
engine consisting of piping or tubing, silencers, and, at times, resonators. |
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Exhaust
Emission Controls Systems
or adjustments designed to limit noxious gases in an engine's
exhaust. Such controls can be grouped into two broad categories:
those designed to reduce or eliminate the formation of harmful
pollutants in the engine itself (e.g., retarded spark setting)
and those designed to destroy or otherwise alter the pollutants after
they have been formed (e.g., air injection, thermal reactors, and
catalytic converters). Evaporative emission controls prevent
gasoline vapors from escaping into the atmosphere from the fuel tank
and carburetor and crankcase controls recycle fumes from the
crankcase through the engine.
Exhaust
Manifold A part with several passages through which
exhaust gases leave the engine combustion chambers and enter the
exhaust pipe.
Usually
constructed of cast iron, the exhaust manifold is a pipe that
conducts the exhaust gases from the combustion chambers to the
exhaust pipe. It has smooth curves in it for improving the flow of
exhaust. The exhaust manifold is bolted to the cylinder head, and has
entrances for the air that is injected into it. It is usually located
under the intake manifold.
Exhaust
System Tubing and other components that move the engine's waste
products (aka exhaust gases) from the engine to the tailpipe.
Most late-model vehicles feature an exhaust system with one or two
exhaust manifolds, at least one catalytic converter and one or two
mufflers. Race vehicles may use a "straight-through"
exhaust, which does not have a catalytic converter or a muffler. See dual
exhaust.
External
Combustion Engine: An engine that burns its fuel outside the
engine. A steam engine is an external combustion engine.
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