EBR (Electron Beam Recording)
A videotape-to-film transfer process in which the three primary colors of a color picture are electronically scanned onto a color (or onto three black and white) films.
EC Camera (Electronic Cinematography Camera)
A high-quality video camera designed to closely resemble a film camera, both in operation and technical quality.
ECU (Extreme Close-Up)
Generally, a head shot.
Ed-Beta (Extended Definition Betamax)
A high-quality consumer/professional videocassette format developed by Sony.
Edit Controller
The master control panel and associated electronics that control the VTR's etc., during the editing process.
Edit Recorder
The destination VTR that records the source tapes onto the edited master during the editing session.
Edit
The recording of one or more videotaped sources onto a second tape. Also, any point on a videotape where the audio or video content has been modified through editing.
Edit Decision List / EDL
A written list or computer file containing all of the in and out points and total times of selected video segments intended as a reference for a final edit.
Edited Master
The final tape created during the editing process.
Editing Block
A metal editing device which holds two pieces of audio tape in place for cutting and splicing.
Editing Pace
The number of edits per unit of time.
Editing
The process of arranging in a predetermined sequence various segments from one or more master tapes.
Editing Workstation
A complete computer-controlled, desktop system used to edit audio and/or video productions.
Editor
The term refers both to the individual responsible for editing and a device by which videotape editing is done.
Editorial Assistant
A videotape editor's assistant.
EDL (Edit Decision List)
A handwritten listing or computer printout of time-code numbers associated with selected scenes.
Effects Bank
A row of buttons on a switcher that can be used for fades, wipes or special effects.
Effects Monitor
A video monitor where video effects are set up and checked before use.
EFP (Electronic Field Production)
The use of portable video equipment for taping on location.
EGA (Enhanced Graphics Adapter)
A relatively high-resolution computer color graphics adapter for PCs.
EIA (Electronic Industries Association)
An organization that determines audio and video standards.
Egoism
In deception research, this is one of the motives for deception. Refers to using lying to protect or promote the deceiver's positive self-concept.
Electret Mike
A microphone that uses a condenser-type sound sensing element.
Electronic Beam Recording
A technique for converting television images to film using direct stimulation of film emulsion by an electron beam.
EC Camera (Electronic Cinematography Camera)
A high quality video camera, often resembling a film camera in basic features, which is associated with single-camera video production.
Electronic Cinematography
Videography. Using video cameras to do production, especially single-camera production.
Electronic Clapper
An electronic slate. A device shown at the beginning of a production or shot providing such information as production title, director, air date, etc.
Electronic Graphics
Titles, credits, drawings, etc., produced electronically.
Electronic Palette
1) Peripheral device used to input commands into a computer. An electronic pencil is commonly used with the palette to draw shapes and select drawing and paint functions.
2) A rectangular surface that represents the “paper” in a computer graphics system.
Electronic Pencil
Pencil-like, hand-to-computer device used to input commands and make drawings. Commonly used with an electronic palette.
ESS (Electronic Still Store)
An electronic device that can capture a full frame of video and store it in digital form.
ETP (Electronic Test Pattern)
An electronically-generated pattern used for setting up video systems. Includes, among other things, the primary and secondary colors.
Electronic Viewfinder
A small picture tube (CRT) or liquid crystal display (LCD) built into a video camera enabling the operator to see what the camera is photographing.
Electrostatic Microphone
A type of microphone that uses a sound-sensing element similar in principle to that of a condenser microphone.
Ellipsoidal Spotlight
A spotlight producing a focused, sharply-defined beam of light.
ELS Script Designation
for extreme long shot.
Empathic Listening
A type of listening most closely associated with the closed sensitivity response option. The listener is receptive or sensitive to a full range of social, cultural, and personal characteristics shared by the other person, but responds ony with social and/or cultural characteristics.
Encoder / Encoding
1) The circuit in a television camera which combines the red, blue, and green information into composite color video. NTSC, PAL, and SECAM have different encoding systems.
2) The process of combining the chroma and luminance information into a single signal.
3) Device or process by which a signals are compressed or combined, generally as a way of sending them to a receiver or another device.
Encouraging Skill
A set of skills used in empathic and dialogic listening which are designed to "pull" more talk from the other person. The goal is to understand what the other is saying more completely and clearly.
Endoscopic Television
Obtaining television images inside a living body, generally by inserting fiber optic probes.
ENG Coordinator
The individual under the assignment editor and news producer responsible for integrating the resources of the technical and news personnel in a TV news room.
ENG (Electronic News Gathering)
The use of portable cameras and videotape machines or microwave links to cover on-location television news stories.
Enhancer; Image Enhancer
An electronic circuit that sharpens the detail of a video image.
Enmeshed Families
Families who do not develop clear boundaries about possessions, activities, and behaviors: dangerously high in cohesiveness.
Entertainment Factor
A type of listening problem which results from becoming accustomed to getting information in entertaining packages, Listeners tend to demand to be entertained.
Equality
Increasing commitment to the conversation by expressing the attitude that value others as just as important as oneself (as opposed to the belief that one's personal characteristics, beliefs, possessions, etc. are superior in some way to other poeple's).
Equalization
1) A signal-modifying technique that selectively increases or decreases the amplitude of specific frequencies.
2) The relative level of various frequency ranges in an audio path, controlled through adjustment of highs, mid-range and bass.
Erase
Electronically wiping clean or degaussing a video or audio tape.
Erase Head
A degaussing magnetic field used in a video or audio recorder to eliminate previously recorded material on the tape.
Error Correction
Digital method of checking if digital data was transmitted or recorded correctly. If an error is found, the data is resent.
Essential Area
See safe action area safe title area.
Establishing Shot
A wide shot meant to orient the audience to an overall locale and the relationship between scene elements.
Ethnocentric Communication
Communicating with the assumption that one's own culture is the perferred or "right" perspective from which all other cultures should be viewed. It emphasizes coherence, or the process of making new information fit familiar and comfortable attitudes, rather than attending to and valuing novelty.
ETP (Electronic Test Pattern)
A test pattern generated within electronic circuitry used for aligning equipment.
Event Video
The videotaping of special events, such as a weddings, graduations, etc.
Exceptional Quality
An element of newsworthiness which distinguishes a story or plot from the commonplace and captures and holds viewer attention.
Executive Producer
The individual primarily in charge of the financial aspects of a production and who may also make major creative decisions.
Exhaling
The "giving out" part of the communicating process--making available primarily verbal, mixed, and primarily nonverbal cues.
Existing Light
The normal, prevailing light at a location.
Exiting
A terminating strategy in which the relationship is ended by breaking contact, formally separating, moving out of a joint residence, or getting a divorce.
Expander
An audio device that increases the dynamic range of an audio signal.
Experimenting Stage
One of Knapp and Vangelisti's five stages of a relationship's "coming together". During this stage, people get closer by using small talk to reduce the uncertainty they have about each other.
Expressive Communicating
A developmental stage of communicative competence in which the communicator treats communication primarily as a way to express thoughts and feelings. Normally followed by the development of rule-governed communicating and then negotiation.
Exploitation
In deception research, this is one of the motives for deception. It refers to using deception to gain some useful, personal advantage.
EXT
Script designation for exterior. Exterior and interior (INT) designations are used to describe scenes in film-style scripts.
Exteriors
Shots in an outside location.
External Key
As opposed to an internal key, a key which depends on three video sources: background video, a video source to determine the shape of the area to be keyed out of the background video, and a video source to be placed in the keyed out area.
External Sync
As opposed to internal sync, video synchronizing pulses from an external source, such as a sync generator. Used to synchronize multiple pieces of equipment.
Extra
An actor who plays a minor role in a production often just seen in the background.
Eye Light
A small light used in close-ups to illuminate the upper facial area.
Eyeline
The direction an actor is looking. To maintain continuity during the intercutting of single-camera, film-style scenes, shots of people talking to each other need to have consistent eyelines.
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